CAPÍTULO 1: Situación y epidemiología de la espondiloartritis axial en Argentina

Emilce E. Schneeberger; Gustavo Citera; Enrique R. Soriano

Emilce E. Schneeberger Instituto de Rehabilitación Psicofísica, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Gustavo Citera Instituto de Rehabilitación Psicofísica, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Enrique R. Soriano Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

Palabras clave: espondiloartritis, espondilitis anquilosante, EspAax radiográfica, Argentina

Resumen

La espondiloartritis (EspA) incluye un grupo de enfermedades que comparten ciertas características clínicas, serológicas y genéticas pero que son fenotípicamente diferentes. La EspA puede tener afectación predominante periférica (p) o predominante axial (ax). La espondilitis anquilosante (EA) hoy se aconseja denominarla EspAax radiográfica (EspAax-r), es el prototipo de EspAax. La EspAax afecta preferentemente a adultos jóvenes entre los 20 y 45 años, comprometiendo generalmente las articulaciones sacroilíacas, extendiéndose al raquis y tejidos blandos paravertebrales. El síntoma cardinal de la EspAax es el dolor lumbar inflamatorio (DLI). Una variedad de criterios ha sido desarrollada para clasificar el DLI con una sensibilidad y especificidad semejantes. Las principales características del DLI son: edad de inicio antes de los 40-45 años, comienzo insidioso, mejoría con el ejercicio, su asociación con rigidez matinal y una duración ≥3 meses. En el contexto de una campaña de concientización para la detección de EspAax en Argentina, en el cual se evaluaron 80 pacientes <50 años con dolor lumbar crónico (≥ 3 meses), de ellos 40 cumplían criterios de DLI y 9 pacientes (22,5%) cumplieron criterios de EspAax (7 EA y 2 EspAax-nr).

Biografía del autor/a

Emilce E. Schneeberger, Instituto de Rehabilitación Psicofísica, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

Instituto de Rehabilitación Psicofísica

Gustavo Citera, Instituto de Rehabilitación Psicofísica, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

Instituto de Rehabilitación Psicofísica

Enrique R. Soriano, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires

Citas

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