Evaluación histopatológica comparativa de terapias intraarticulares en un modelo experimental de osteoartritis

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47196/rar.v36i4.979
Palabras clave: osteoartritis, histología, preparaciones farmacéuticas

Resumen

Objetivos: evaluar histopatológicamente la osteoartritis tratada con diferentes fármacos intraarticulares en ratas, comparando plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP), ácido hialurónico (AH), sulfato de condroitina y triamcinolona. Materiales y métodos: osteoartritis inducida en 30 ratas Wistar mediante inyección de zimosán. Se formaron cinco grupos (n=6): PRP, AH, condroitina, triamcinolona y control. Los tratamientos se aplicaron cada 14 días por 60 días. Posteriormente se realizó eutanasia y análisis histopatológico del cartílago subcondral, evaluando estructura, condrocitos, sinovio e inflamación. Se aplicaron pruebas Kruskal-Wallis y Dunn-Bonferroni. Resultados: animales con El PRP mostró condrocitos maduros en columnas y regeneración, con inflamación moderada. El AH presentó erosiones mínimas, úlceras superficiales, alta densidad celular y bajo índice inflamatorio, sugiriendo efecto condroprotector y antiinflamatorio. La condroitina preservó la tidemark, redujo flaps de cartílago y evidenció baja inflamación. La triamcinolona alcanzó mejor control inflamatorio, aunque con limitada regeneración. El control mostró daño moderado, alta inflamación y condrocitos desorganizados. Conclusiones: PRP y AH demostraron mayor capacidad regenerativa: PRP favoreció maduración condrocitaria y AH redujo daño e inflamación. La triamcinolona destacó por efecto antiinflamatorio y la condroitina por perfil protector.

Biografía del autor/a

Victoria Naomi Okimura, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná
Henrique Guetter Abreu, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná
Heloise Silva Giroto, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná
Heloise Henrique Gomes, Mackenzie Evangelical College of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Mackenzie Evangelical College of Paraná
Luana Oliveira Gonçalves, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná
Samya Hamad Mehanna, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná
Vinicius Caron, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná
Fernando Issamu Tabushi, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná

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Publicado
2026-02-12
Número
Vol. 36 Núm. 4 (2025): Octubre-diciembre
Sección
Artículo Original